银川市环境空气PM10和PM2.5中无机元素污染特征及来源

Inorganic Elements Characteristics and Source in PM10 and PM2.5 of Yinchuan Ambient Air

根据银川市1个国控环境空气质量监测点,采集4季PM10和PM2.5样品,测试样品及19种无机元素的质量浓度,分析了各无机元素的污染特征及来源。研究发现,银川市PM10和PM2.5中地壳元素Si、Ca、Al、Fe、Mg、K和Na质量浓度占无机元素总质量浓度的93%,是主量元素;无机元素质量浓度季节变化表现为春季高,夏、秋和冬季低;冬季PM10和PM2.5污染严重,但无机元素贡献值低,其中,人为污染元素Mn、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb富集因子较高,说明银川市环境空气颗粒物具有复合型污染特征。因子分析结果表明,银川市环境空气颗粒物中无机元素主要来源于土壤尘、城市扬尘、燃煤尘等。

PM10 and PM2.5samples were collected from a state-controlled environmental air quality monitoring site in Yinchuan for four seasons. The mass concentration of 19 inorganic elements and their pollution characteristics and sources were tested. It was found that the crustal elements Si, Ca, Al, Fe, Mg, K and Na in PM10 and PM2.5 of Yinchuan accounted for 93% of the total mass concentration of elements. The seasonal variation of inorganic element mass concentration showed high in spring but low in summer, autumn and winter. The pollution of PM10 and PM2.5 was serious in winter, but the contribution of inorganic elements was low, among which the anthropogenic elements Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb were rich, showing compound pollution in the ambient air particulate in Yinchuan. Factor analysis also showed that inorganic elements in ambient air particulate matter in Yinchuan mainly come from soil dust, urban dust, coal dust and so on.