“非遗”语境下乡村民间信仰文化保护与重塑——基于福建南平樟湖的田野调查

Protection and Reconstruction of Rural Folk Belief Culture in the Context of “Non-Legacy”——Based on the Field Investigation of Nanping Zhang, Fujian

“非遗”语境下,乡村民间信仰文化趋向于作为民俗特色和文化资源得以保护和重塑,总体呈现多元繁荣的态势。以福建南平樟湖为例,目前多种信仰崇拜作为民间信仰项目被列为各级非物质文化遗产。但“非遗”也放大了现代性对乡村民间信仰文化的冲击,如锐化了樟湖民间信仰信众代际断裂、信仰竞争力减弱、主动参与热情降低、参与需求多样化和文化软治理能力下降等问题。需要从处理好传承传统与学习先进的关系入手,站在国家发展和社会进步的立场,站在历史客观的角度与民众的身边,重塑“非遗”语境下的民间信仰文化,使其成为与新时代中国特色社会主义相适应的公共文化。

In the context of “non-legacy”, rural folk belief culture tends to be protected and reshaped as folk characteristics and cultural resources, showing a trend of pluralistic prosperity. Taking Zhanghu Lake in Nanping, Fujian as an example, multi-faith worship as a folk belief project is listed as intangible cultural heritage at all levels. But “non-legacy” also enlarges the impact of modernity on rural folk belief culture, such as sharpening the intergenerational break of Zhanghu folk belief believers, weakening the competitiveness of belief , decreasing enthusiasm for active participation, diversification of participation needs and the decline of cultural soft governance ability. It is necessary to start with dealing with the relationship between inheriting tradition and learning advanced, standing in the position of national development and social progress, standing at the side of the people from the historical and objective point of view, and reshaping the folk belief culture in the context of “non-legacy” so as to make it a public culture compatible with socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.