基于DEA模型的科技投入产出效率研究——以新入选中国“A类”一流大学建设高校为例

Research on the Input and Output Efficiency of Science and Technology Based on DEA Model ——Taking Newly Selected Universities in China as A Class A University as An Example

文章选取2017年新入选中国A类"一流"大学建设高等院校作为决策单元,采用DEA-Malmquist指数方法研究A类"一流"高校在入选前后,即2016-2017年之间的科技投入产出效率变化,并对无效率的高校展开投入冗余与产出不足的松弛变量分析。研究结果表明:第一,从静态看,2016年到2017年A类"一流"大学中科研活动处于有效状态占比从20%升至22.86%,而非有效状态占比从80%下降至77.14%;第二,从动态上看,A类"一流"大学中57.14%的高校呈现效率增长趋势;第三,2017年非有效的A类"一流"大学中66.67%的高校存在投入冗余,所有非有效的高校都存在产出不足的问题。最后,建议高校应当从优化人才结构,合理配置科研资源,调整经费投入,提升科研技术等方面入手提高高校科研转化效率。

The article selects the newly selected China’s Class A "first-class" university construction colleges as the decision-making unit in 2017,and uses the DEA-Malmquist index method to study the efficiency of science and technology input and output between Class A "first-class" universities before and after the election period from 2016 to 2017.Change,and analyze the slack variables of redundant and insufficient output in inefficient colleges;the results show that,firstly,from static point of view,from 2016 to 2017,the scientific research activities of Class A "first-class" universities are in an effective state.From 20% to 22.86%,the proportion of non-effective status dropped from 80% to 77.14%.Secondly,from a dynamic point of view,57.14% of the "first-class" universities in the category A showed efficiency growth trend.Third,In 2017,66.67% of the non-effective Class A "first-class" universities had redundant inputs,and all non-effective universities had insufficient output.Finally,it is suggested that colleges and universities should improve the efficiency of scientific research and transformation in universities from the aspects of optimizing talent structure,rationally arranging scientific research resources,adjusting funding input,and improving scientific research and technology.