行政公益诉讼“公共利益目的指引”之妥适性分析

The Analysis on Legitimacy of “Guidelines for the Purpose of Public Interests” in the Administrative Litigation on Public Interests

《行政诉讼法》第二十五条第四款所规定的"行政机关履行法定职责"与"公共利益"要件确立起行政公益诉讼触发机制的基础要件。基于"行为论"与"结果论"的比对,行政公益诉讼机制对行政机关依法履行职责行为的控制仅系达致目的的途径,而公共利益得以保全成为其最终追求之目标。透过对行政公益诉讼实务操作和具体文本的考察,检察机关脱离行政机关的文本职权,以"公共利益目的指引"方式介入行政职能交叉所导致的权限不清领域存疑,该种介入模式需经目的性扩张而使法律漏洞得以补充。基于行政公益诉讼的客观诉讼属性,"公共利益目的指引"于行政公益诉讼案件中当置后于文本明确的行政机关法定职责适用,并综合考量行政机关内部职权的自我协调态势。

The "Execution of Legal Obligation" and "Public Interests" shall be the basic elements of the administrative litigation on public interests according to four provision of Article 25 of Administrative Procedure Law.Based on the comparison between "Behavior Theory" and "Results Theory",the purpose of "Execution of Legal Obligation" controlled by the administrative litigation on public interests could only as a way to achieve the goal,"Public Interests".Through the research of cases and normative documents in the field of administrative litigation on public interests,People’s Procuratorate intervened in the field of "Unclear Administrative Functions" by deviating the administrative function written in the article,but this action might lack legitimacy through the "Guidelines for the Purpose of Public Interests".The application of the "Guidelines for the Purpose of Public Interests" shall be compensated by means of intentional expansion in the field of ambiguous authorities.Based on the objective-litigation attribute of administrative litigation on public interests,the "Guidelines for the Purpose of Public Interests" is applied in the case which could not have clear authorities,it also should consider comprehensively the situations of self-coordination in the system of administrative organ.