基于有限元理论的车门疲劳分析及优化

Fatigue analysis and optimization of car door based on finite element theory

为了解决玻璃升降器安装点开裂问题,建立了某型汽车前门开关冲击强度分析的有限元模型。首先,利用ABAQUS/Explicit求解器进行瞬态动力学分析,计算出车门撞击过程应力时间历程,并在Ncode软件中基于强度结果进行了疲劳仿真分析,预测疲劳寿命危险区域。同时,对前门进行了开关耐久试验验证,试验对比发现车门的最低疲劳寿命误差在10 %以内,从而验证了车门有限元模型的准确性,为车门的强度耐久设计提供了理论依据。最后,针对疲劳寿命危险区域对车门进行了局部优化改进,使车门强度、刚度更趋合理。

In order to solve the problem of glass regulator installation point cracking, the finite element model of the front door impact strength analysis was established. Firstly, the transient dynamics analysis was carried out by using the ABAQUS/Explicit solver module, thus calculating the stress time history of the vehicle impact process, and in the Ncode software, the fatigue simulation analysis was carried out based on the strength results, which can be used to predict the hazard area of fatigue life. Meanwhile, durability test verification of the front door was carried out, the comparison showed that the minimum fatigue life of the door was less than 10 %. Thus ,the accuracy of the finite element model of the car door was verified, which provided a theoretical basis for the durability design of the car door. Finally, the local optimization and improvement of the car door was carried out for the hazard area of fatigue life, so that the strength and stiffness of the car door would be more reasonable.