论《公共图书馆法》实施效果的立法后评估

On the Implementation of the Public Library Law of P.R.China from the Perspective of Post-legislative Evaluations

2018年实施的《公共图书馆法》是我国新中国成立后第一部具有国家法效力的图书馆立法,是落实我国公民文化教育权的一项重要法律。但是,该法存在法律疏漏以及与其他相关法律规范不协调的问题。为了确保法律的有效实施,有必要建立一套科学合理的评估体系以期裨益该法未来的修改完善。本文汲取法理学思想,综合法律文本质量、立法价值、立法成本与经济效益以及法律实施的社会效果等因素,初步搭建了《公共图书馆法》立法后评估的指标体系,包括评估主体、评估对象、评估标准以及评估方法4个方面,以期细致考察该法立法的质量(科学性)和实行后的效果(实效性),核心是评估该法实行后在政府治理、经济效益和社会方面的影响。本文期望此评估指标体系样本能为《公共图书馆法》实施三至五年后正式启动立法后评估提供理论参考和支持,并对该法未来的修改完善提出法理分析和建议。

This paper applies the general theory and empirical analysis of legislation impact on the implementation of the Public Library Law of P.R. China through interdisciplinary perspectives, including law, library studies, and management. By describing the uncoordinated structure of the regulatory framework in which the Public Library Law positions itself, the paper explores the benefits and feasibilities of establishing a "post-legislative" impact assessments scheme and attempts to identify the indicators of impact to the Public Library Law. It aims to provide an empirical observation on the enforcement of the law, builds a theoretical support for the official phase of post-legislative evaluation after three to five years of the enactment, and puts forward the recommendations to the future amendments.