农田水利设施的粮食生产成本节约效应研究

Study on the Cost Saving Effect of Farmland Water Conservancy Facilities on Grain Production

利用可变折旧率,估算了1991~2016年我国省际农田水利设施资本存量。借助超越对数成本函数,采用迭代三阶段最小二乘法,实证分析了农田水利设施的粮食生产成本节约效应。研究发现:农田水利设施对粮食成本具有显著的替代效应,且粮食主产区替代效应大于非主产区;农田水利设施通过对资本的互补效应和对劳动的替代效应推动农业技术变迁,且推动作用在作物与地区间呈现明显差异;种植规模的差异导致农田水利设施与物质资料的弹性关系存在异质性。

After estimating the capital stock of farmland water conservancy facilities at the provincial level in China from 1991 to 2016 by using variable depreciation rate,we use transcendental logarithmic cost function and I3SLS,empirically analyze the cost-saving effect of farmland water conservancy facilities on grain production.The results show that:Farmland water conservancy facilities have a significant substitution effect on grain production cost,and effect on main grain-producing areas is greater than the rest areas generally.Farmland water conservancy facilities promote the change of agricultural technology through the complementary effect of capital and the substitution effect of labor,and the promotion effect is obviously different between crops and regions.Because of the different planting scale,the elastic relationship between the farmland water conservancy facilities and the material data is also different.