尼日利亚艾滋病流行的时空格局和性别差异

Spatio-temporal pattern and gender disparity of HIV/AIDS prevalence in Nigeria

本项研究利用2007、2012年尼日利亚“全国艾滋病毒/艾滋病和生殖健康调查”的数据,考察了尼日利亚艾滋病毒流行的时空格局和性别差异。研究使用了空间统计技术、相关性分析和多元回归分析及卡方分析。36个州艾滋病毒流行的时空变异和空间依赖性并不显著。纳萨拉瓦州、克罗斯河州、联邦首都直辖区和阿夸伊博姆州则是显著热点。艾滋病毒感染的空间分布与失业、15-49岁人口比例和农村人口有关。有四个州的女性艾滋病毒感染率明显高于男性,尤其是教育程度低、分居/离异、丧偶的女性及较年轻的女性。干预策略应强调普及艾滋病预防信息,特别是在热点地区的女性中间。

This study examines the spatio-temporal pattern and gender disparity in HIV/AIDS prevalence in Nigeria using data from 2007 and 2012 National HIV/AIDS and Reproductive Health Surveys.Spatial statistical techniques,correlation and multiple regression analyses and chi square were utilised.The spatio-temporal variation and spatial dependency of HIV prevalence across the 36 states were not significant.Nasarawa,Cross River,Federal Capital Territory and Akwa Ibom States were significant hot spots.Spatial distribution of HIV prevalence was related to unemployment,population aged 15-49 years,and population living in rural areas.Compared to men,women had a significantly higher prevalence in four states,especially women with a low educational level,separated/divorced,widowed and younger women.Intervention strategies should emphasise HIV prevention messages especially among women in hot spot areas.