河源地区围产新生儿流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey in perinatal newborns in Heyuan city

目的对河源地区的围产新生儿及新生儿患病情况进行了解,为下一步开展有关预防和干预工作奠定基础。方法收集2017年1月1日~2018年12月31日在河源市和平县妇幼保健院、河源市妇幼保健院及河源市龙川县人民医院出生的所有新生儿信息,采用填写调查表的方式,对全部病例进行前瞻性资料收集,后对数据进行分析。结果29058例新生儿中,巨大儿发生率是3.56%,低、极低以及超低出生体重儿发生率分别是3.21%、1.64%、0.18%;母亲孕期胎膜早破、妊高症以及羊水过少这三种疾病发病率最高,分别为11.70%、6.45%、5.36%;剖宫产率为33.17%;高胆红素血症、肺炎以及早产儿在新生儿中发病率最高,分别为16.28%、10.43%、5.32%;197例窒息新生儿中,6例为新生儿期死亡。结论应加强孕期保健与宣教指导,做好孕期并发症防治工作,严格掌握剖宫产指征,同时对新生儿加强早期监护,以降低其死亡率。

Objective To study the perinatal newborn’s conditions and their morbidity in Heyuan city, so as to provide basis on secondary/tertiary prevention interventions. Methods The data of newborns in Heping County Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Heyuan Women & Children’s Hospital and Health Institute was collected. The questionnaire was delivered to review, and the relevant data were analyzed. Results Among 29058 infants, the incidence rate of fetal macrosomia, low birth weight infants, every low birth weight infants and extremely low birth weight infants was 3.56%, 3.21%, 1.64% and 0.18%;the morbidity of premature rupture of fetal membranes, pregnancy-induced hypertension and oligohydramnion was 11.70%, 6.45% and 5.36%;cesarean section rate reached up to 33.17%;the neonatal morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia, pneumonia and premature infants was 16.28%, 10.43% and 5.32%;among 197 neonatal asphyxia infants, 6 dead cases were occurred in neonatal period. Conclusion In order to reduce newborn’s death rate, it is necessary to take the prenatal care and health education, prevent the complications, control over cesarean section indications and strengthen the early monitoring.