隔代教养老年人睡眠质量及影响因素分析

Sleeping quality and its influential factors among elder persons engaged in grandparenting

目的了解隔代教养老年人的睡眠质量及影响因素。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,使用老年人抑郁量表(GDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)及一般资料调查表,于2018年1—2月对山东省696名正在教养孙辈的老年人进行调查。结果隔代教养老年人PSQI得分为(5.94±3.63)分,共有236人(33.9%)睡眠质量差;相关分析结果显示,PSQI总分及各维度得分(除睡眠效率维度)与GDS总分均呈正相关关系,有统计学意义(r=0.126~0.326,均P<0.01);逐步多元回归分析结果显示,影响隔代教养老年人睡眠质量的因素有抑郁情绪(P<0.001,95%CI=0.118~0.196)、老年人健康状况(P<0.001,95%CI=-1.594^-0.751)、老年人父母健在情况(P<0.001,95%CI=0.479~1.520)、照顾强度(P<0.01,95%CI=0.304~1.499)、对父辈教养观念认可度(P<0.05,95%CI=-0.864^-0.099)。结论抑郁情绪、老年人健康状况、老年人父母健在情况、照顾强度、对父辈教养观念认可度是影响隔代教养老年人睡眠质量的主要因素。

Objective To investigate sleep quality and its impact factors among community elderly engaged in grandparenting.Methods Using multistage random cluster sampling in Shandong province, we enrolled 696 urban and rural residents aged≥60 years and taking care of at least one grandchild under 6 years old and conducted a questionnaire survey among them between January and February 2018. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and a self-designed questionnaire on relevant information were used in the survey.Results For all the participants, the mean total PSQI score was 5.94 ±3.63 and 33.9%(236) reported poor sleep quality (total PSQI score≥8). Correlation analysis demonstrated significant positive associations of total score and all dimension scores (except for sleep efficiency) of PSQI with total GDS score (r = 0.126-0.326, all P < 0.01). Multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that significant influencing factors of sleep quality included depression (95% confidence interval [CI] of β: 0.118-0.196, P < 0.001), self-reported health status (95% CI of β: 1.594-0.751, P < 0.001), with the parents being alive (95% CI of β: 0.479-1.520, P < 0.001), strength of grandparenting-related housework (95% CI of β: 0.304-1.499, P < 0.01), and recognition on concept of grandparenting (95% CI of β: 0.864-0.099, P < 0.05).Conclusion Depression, health status of the elderly, whether with parents being alive, strength of grandparenting-related housework, and recognition on concept of grandparenting are main influencing factors for sleep quality among community elderly engaged in grandparenting.