武汉市火车站广场灰尘中PCBs的污染特征及评价

Pollution characteristics and evaluation of PCBs in the square dust from Wuhan′s railway stations

于2017年3月采集武汉市的3个火车站广场灰尘样品30个,其中武汉火车站12个,武昌火车站8个,汉口火车站10个,采用气相色谱对样品中32种PCBs的含量进行了测定,并应用美国国家环保局(USEPA)的暴露评价模型对其进行了健康风险评价.结果表明,在武汉市3个火车站广场灰尘样品中∑PCBs的质量浓度范围分别是20.6-140 ng·g^-1(平均值为66.0 ng·g^-1),20.3-125 ng·g^-1(平均值为71.2 ng·g^-1),19.6-62.9 ng·g^-1(平均值为36.7 ng·g^-1),与国内外其它城市相比,PCBs污染较为严重,且六氯联苯所占百分比值均很高.健康风险评价结果显示,成人在武汉火车站和武昌火车站仅通过皮肤接触存在较轻的致癌风险,通过呼吸吸入及经口摄入途径不存在致癌风险;成人在汉口火车站3种途径均不存在致癌风险;儿童在武汉、武昌和汉口等3个火车站的3种途径不存在致癌风险.儿童及成人在3个火车站3种途径均不存在非致癌风险.

In March 2017,30 dust samples were collected from three railway station squares in Wuhan,including 12 samples in Wuhan Railway Station,8 samples in Wuchang Railway Station,and 10 samples in Hankou Railway Station.The contents of 32 PCBs in the samples were determined by gas chromatography.The health risk assessment was performed using the US Environmental Protection Agency′s(USEPA) exposure assessment model.The results indicated that the mass fraction of ΣPCBs in dust samples of the 3 railway stations in Wuhan was 20.6-140 ng·g^-1(an average of 66.0 ng·g^-1),20.3-125 ng·g^-1(an average of 71.2 ng·g^-1),and 19.6-62.9 ng·g^-1(an average of 36.7 ng·g^-1),respectively.Compared with other cities in China and abroad,PCBs pollution was more serious,and the percentage of hexachlorinated biphenyls showed high levels.The health risk assessment results indicated that,there was low health risk of adults from skin contact and no carcinogenic risk from inhalation and ingestion at Wuhan Railway Station and Wuchang Railway Station,and no carcinogenic risk from the three exposure pathways at Hankou Railway Station.There was no carcinogenic risk of children from the three exposure pathways at the three stations..In addition,there was no non-carcinogenic risk of both adults and children from the three exposure pathways at the three stations.