蒸汽爆破预处理对沙棘果渣可溶性膳食纤维含量及性质的影响

Effect of Steam Explosion Pretreatment on the Content and Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber in Seabuckthorn Pomace

用蒸汽爆破技术处理沙棘果渣,通过响应面法优化蒸汽爆破预处理沙棘果渣的条件,以提高沙棘果中可溶性膳食纤维的含量,并对蒸汽爆破前后可溶性膳食纤维物化性质对比。结果表明:在蒸汽压强为2.0 MPa,维压时间88 s,物料粒径60目时,沙棘果中可溶性膳食纤维含量达到了24.74 %,比未经蒸汽爆破沙棘果渣中可溶性膳食纤维(7.14 %)提高了246 %,且蒸汽爆破后的沙棘果渣可溶性膳食纤维的持水力、膨胀力、持油力都明显提高。扫描电镜观察可知,蒸汽爆破后沙棘果渣可溶性膳食纤维表面皱缩,卷曲,有孔洞。试验表明,利用蒸汽爆破处理沙棘果渣,可提高其可溶性膳食纤维含量,使废弃的沙棘果渣资源得到重新利用。

The seabuckthorn pomace was treated with steam explosion technology. The conditions of pretreatment of seabuckthorn pomace by steam explosion were optimized by response surface methodology to improve the content of soluble dietary fiber from seabuckthorn pomace, and to compare the physicochemical properties of soluble dietary fiber before and after steam explosion. The results showed that the content of soluble dietary fiber in seabuckthorn pomace reached 24.74 % when the steam pressure was 2.0 MPa, the residence time was 88 s, and the particle size was 60 mesh, which increased by 246 % compared with the control samples (7.14 %), and the water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, and swelling capacity of soluble dietary fiber after steam explosion were all significantly increased. Scanning electron microscope observation showed that the surface of soluble dietary fiber of seabuckthorn pomace after steam explosion was shrunk, curled and had holes. Experiments showed that the use of steam explosion treatment of sea buckthorn pomace, in order to increase its soluble dietary fiber content, so that the waste of seabuckthorn residue will be reused.