袁世凯手批清帝辞位诏书的发现及其对清末民初国体因革的认知意义

The Discovery of the Imperial Edict of Qing Emperor’s Abdication Signed by Yuan Shikai and Its Significance for Understanding the State SystemTransformation in Late Qing and Early Republican Period

在日本静嘉堂文库《袁氏密函》中发现的袁世凯手批清帝逊位诏书原件,是研究清末民初国体、政体因革问题的珍贵资料。袁世凯在上面进行手批的底稿,既非张謇拟《内阁复电》,又非张謇家藏本《拟清帝逊位诏》,由此可补辞位诏书生成史的诸多缺环。与此同时,这一发现也使诏书中袁世凯、张謇各自思想的分辨成为可能。对"逊位""共和立宪国体""完全领土"话语的发掘,有助于进一步揭示清末民初五族共和国体建构对民族边疆的统合意义。

The original document of the imperial edict of Qing emperor's abdication signed by Yuan Shikai discovered in Yuan's Secret Letters collected by Seikado Bunko of Japan,is a valuable piece of information for studying the regime and state system in late Qing and early Republican period.The manuscript which Yuan signed on is neither “A Reply from the Cabinet” drafted by Zhang Jian,nor “The Draft Edict of Qing Emperor's Abdication” in Zhang's family collection.Thus many missing links in formation of the edict can be supplemented.Meanwhile,the discovery also enable to differentiate the respective thoughts of Yuan and Zhang.The mining of the discourses of abdication,the state system of Republic Constitution,and territory integrality will beneficial to reveal the integrate significance of the construction of republicanism of five nationalities to ethnic minority area in the borderland.