GPS-RTK技术在公路地形图测绘中的应用分析

Application Analysis of GPS-RTK Technology in Highway Topographic Map Surveying and Mapping

为了研究GPS-RTK技术在公路地形图测绘中应用的可行性,以某四级公路地形图测绘为例,对GPS-RTK技术进行了详细介绍。首先对GPS控制网技术进行了简要介绍,其次对GPS-RTK的基本构成和数据处理流程进行了分析,然后就GPS-RTK技术在某四级公路地形图测绘中的应用进行了分析,最后结合实际应用成果对提高GPS-RTK成果精度的措施进行了研究,得到如下主要结论:首先,三角锁形GPS图形布设是由边连式和点连式组合而成,该方法几何强度高、可靠度高且精度高,适合应用于公路地形图的测绘;其次,GPS-RTK控制网平差应分段进行,当发现异常时及时予以处理;第三,采用GPS-RTK技术之前,应首先查明当地是否存在GPS盲区及盲区的分布时段,流动站和基站的架设还应尽量避开高大山峰和高大建筑物。

In order to study the feasibility of the application of GPS-RTK technology in highway topographic mapping,this paper takes the surveying and mapping of a four-level highway topographic map as an example,and introduces the technology of GPS-RTK in detail.Firstly,the GPS control network technology is briefly introduced.Secondly,the basic structure and data processing flow of GPS-RTK are analyzed.Then,the application of GPS-RTK technology in topographic mapping of a four grade highway is analyzed.Finally,the measures to improve the accuracy of GPS-RTK results are studied based on the practical application results.The main conclusions are as follows:First of all,polygon GPS graphics layout is composed of edge-connected and point-connected.This method has high geometric strength,high reliability and high accuracy,and is suitable for highway topographic map mapping.Secondly,the adjustment of GPS-RTK control network should be carried out piecewise,and be handled in time when anomalies are found.Thirdly,before the application of GPS-RTK technology,we should firstly find out whether there are blind areas of GPS and the distribution period of blind areas.At the same time,mobile stations and base stations should be erected as far as possible to avoid large peaks and tall buildings.