IMPACT培训模式对居家医疗废物管理知、信、行的影响

Influence of IMPACT training model's impact on knowledge,attitude and practice of home-based medical waste management

目的探讨IMPACT培训模式对居家注射胰岛素患者医疗废物自我管理知、信、行的影响。方法将2017年11月至2018年10月130例居家注射胰岛素患者随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组给予医疗废物自我管理干预6个月,观察组给予IMPACT培训模式干预6个月,观察两组患者对医疗废物管理知识的认知情况、对医疗废物自我管理的重视程度及依从性的变化。结果干预6个月后,观察组对医疗废物管理知识知晓率均在92.31%以上,对照组为75.38%~90.77%(P<0.05);观察组患者的医疗废物分类处置得分、自我管理和规范化处理必要性得分明显高于对照组(P<0.01);两组患者经6个月干预后观察组患者的自我管理依从性得分为3.86±0.15和3.91±0.12,而对照组患者的依从性得分为3.37±0.92和3.49±0.85,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论对居家注射胰岛素的糖尿病患者实施IMPACT培训模式干预,能明显提高患者的自我管理能力,树立绿色环保理念,提高居家医疗废物规范处理依从性,减少环境污染、疾病传播和损伤感染的风险。

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of IMPACT management model on the knowledge,attitude and practice of medical wastes managemant in patients with insulin injections at home. Methods In between November 2017 to October 2018,130 patients were randomly arranged in control and intervention group.The control group received 6-month self-management intervention of medical waste at based,then the intervention group would receive another 6-month IMPACT management model intervention.The knowledge,awareness and compliance of medical waste management were measured before and after the intervention. Results After 6-month intervention,the scoring percentage of the knowledge on medical waste management of intervention group was all above 92.31% higher than that of the control group which was all among 75.38%-90.77%( P <0.05).The medical waste classification and the awareness on the necessity of self-management and standardization on disposed of medical waste of intervention group scored was significantly higher than that of control group( P <0.01).The two groups after 6-month intervention,the compliance of intervention group scored 3.86±0.15 and 3.91±0.12,while those in the control group were 3.37±0.92and 3.49± 0.85,the difference were statistically significant( P <0.01). Conclusion IMPACT management model of medical waste has a positive effect on improving patients' practice and compliance of medical waste self-management and enhancing environmental awareness to reducing environmental pollution, the spread of disease and risk of injury infection.