ALK融合基因阳性非小细胞肺癌的临床研究进展

Research progress of positive ALK fusion gene non-small cell lung cancer

肺癌是世界上发病率最高的恶性肿瘤,且是癌症死亡的首要原因。80%~85%的肺癌为非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC),NSCLC中间变淋巴瘤激酶(ALK)融合基因阳性率为3%~7%。近年来,针对ALK融合基因的靶向治疗药物发展迅速,克唑替尼、艾乐替尼、劳拉替尼等ALK抑制剂的临床使用显著改善了ALK阳性晚期NSCLC患者的生存,而ALK融合基因阳性对早期NSCLC患者预后的影响尚不明确,其是否能从ALK抑制剂治疗中获益仍未可知。该文对ALK融合基因的作用机制、临床病理特征、检测方法、ALK融合基因阳性对NSCLC患者预后的影响及ALK抑制剂的最新进展进行简要阐述,以期为临床工作提供参考。

Lung cancer is the highest incidence of malignant tumor in the world,and is the leading cause of cancer death;80%-85%of lung cancer is non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)and the positive rate of anaplastic lymphoma kinase(ALK)fusion gene in NSCLC patients is about 3%-7%.In recent years,targeted therapeutic drugs for ALK fusion gene have developed rapidly.The clinical use of ALK inhibitors such as clozotinib,aletinib and loratinib has significantly improved the survival of patients with ALK positive advanced NSCLC.However,the effect of ALK fusion gene positive on the prognosis of early NSCLC patients is not clear,and whether it can benefit from ALK inhibitor treatment is still unknown.The action mechanism of ALK fusion gene,the clinicopathologic features,the method of detection,the effect of ALK fusion gene positive on the prognosis of NSCLC patients and the recent progress of the ALK inhibitor are briefly described in present paper with a view to having a certain reference to the clinical work.