善与恶的重量意象:道德概念的重量隐喻研究

The weight image of good and evil: The weight metaphor of moral concept

通过外显评价和内隐联系两个层面考察道德概念重量隐喻的心理现实性。实验1采用词汇评价法,要求被试在重量维度上对165个道德词汇进行7点评分,结果表明道德词在轻重水平上的评分与不道德词存在显著差异,说明在外显的主观评价层面道德概念比不道德概念更偏向于“重”的一方。实验2采用反应时技术,通过检验被试对道德、不道德词汇和轻、重鼠标之间进行联合反应的反应时,在内隐层面考察道德与重量之间的隐喻联结。结果表明被试用重鼠标对道德词做反应的速度显著快于轻鼠标,而对于不道德词,轻重鼠标的反应差异不显著。研究结果综合表明,道德的重量隐喻存在心理现实性,但隐喻的效应更偏向于“道德—重”一方。

The current study investigated the psychological reality of moral conceptual weight metaphor.Experiment 1 used the questionnaire assessment method,requiring participants to score 7 points on 165 moral vocabulary in the weight dimension,and analyzing the difference in the scores of moral vocabulary on the explicit level.Experiment 2 used the reaction time technique,trying to test the joint response of the subjects to moral/immoral vocabulary and light/heavy mice,to investigate the metaphorical link between morality and weight at the implicit level.In Experiment 1,there were significant differences between the scores of moral words on the light and heavy levels and the scores of unethical words on the light and heavy levels.In Experiment 2,the test was performed with 2(vocabulary attribute:moral/immoral)×2(reaction pattern:consistent/inconsistent)factor repeated measures analysis of variance.The results showed that the interaction between lexical attributes and reaction patterns was significant.Further simple effect analysis showed that for moral words,the response in the consistent mode was significantly faster than that in the inconsistent mode;For immoral words,the difference in the reaction mode was not significant.The results of the study showed that the metaphor of moral weight had psychological reality,but the effect of metaphor was more inclined to the“moral-heavy”side.