中国出口人造板产品质量及其影响因素研究

Study on Product Quality and Influencing Factors of China’s Exported Wood-Based Panels

基于1998—2017年中国人造板产品贸易相关数据,运用并修正Hallak&Schott模型,测算中国出口人造板产品质量。建立回归模型,实证分析中国出口人造板产品质量的影响因素。结果表明:中国出口人造板产品质量稳步上升,但质量水平仍然较低,且增速较慢,存在较大的上升空间;人均工资对中国出口人造板产品质量具有显著的正向影响;出口贸易壁垒和进口贸易壁垒对中国出口人造板产品质量具有显著的负向影响。最后,提出规范人造板产品出口市场,适当提高进入门槛和产品质量标准;合理配置核心竞争要素,推动行业升级的建议。

⑴ Background——Improving the quality of export products is one of the key measures to achieve the upgrading of China’s wood-based panel industry and the high-quality development of foreign trade.The study can not only verify the existing product quality measurement methods,but also help to more deeply understand the current situation and potential of China’s wood-based panel export trade from the perspective of product quality,and provide theoretical support and decision-making reference for the structural adjustment,transformation and upgrading of China’s wood-based panel industry.⑵ Methods——Hallak & Schott model was applied and modified to measure the product quality of wood-based panels exported from China and compare with Japan,Russia,Thailand and the United Kingdom.A regression model was established to empirically analyze the factors affecting the product quality of wood-based panels exported from China.⑶ Results——Based on the quantity and price of US-exported wood-based panel products,the quality index of China’s export-oriented wood-based panel products has steadily increased from 0.00827 in 1998 to 3.90205 in 2017,with an average annual growth rate of 0.195.This shows that the quality of China’s export-oriented wood-based panel products is rising steadily,but the growth rate is slow.Based on the quantity and price of the five-country weighted average export-based wood-based panel products,during the comparable period from 2008 to 2016.The quality of wood-based panels exported by China is much lower than that of Russia,slightly lower than that of Britain and Thailand,and slightly higher than that of Japan.There is room for improvement in the quality of China’s export-oriented wood-based panel products.The regression analysis of the factors affecting the quality of China’s export-oriented wood-based panel products shows that the coefficients of domestic timber production,per capita wages,technological innovation,foreign direct investment,export trade barriers,import trade barriers and exchange rates are 0.000057,0.000048,-57.793380,-0.000223,-0.068983,-0.057819 and-0.311012 respectively.This shows that per capita wages have a very significant positive impact on the quality of China’s export of wood-based panel products,while export trade barriers and import trade barriers will have a significant negative impact on the quality of China’s export of wood-based panel products,and domestic timber production,technological innovation,foreign direct investment and exchange rates have no significant impact on the quality improvement of China’s export of wood-based panel products,but technological innovation,foreign direct investment and exchange rates have a negative impact on the quality of China’s export of wood-based panel products.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——There is much room for the improvement of the product quality of wood-based panels exported from China.China should properly raise the entry threshold and product quality standards,explore new technologies and methods of wood-based panel production,rationally guide and allocate core competitive factors,promote the upgrading of the industry,cultivate brands with international reputation,achieve the greatest improvement of product quality at the lowest economic cost.