动车组运用维修间隔优化方法的研究

Study on the Optimization Method of Application and Maintenance Interval of Electric Multiple Units (EMU)

介绍现阶段航空、轨道交通领域维修间隔研究的主要方法,结合动车组维修的特点,以动车组运用维修时间间隔为优化目标,针对现行"计划预防修"体制下的"过剩维修"和"维修不足"并存的现象,基于动车组运用修故障数据,采用生存分析与可靠性理论来确定部件合理的维修间隔。关键步骤主要涵盖部件可靠度曲线的威布尔分布的拟合、利用最大似然法对两参数威布尔分布的参数进行估计以及对拟合出的可靠度函数利用条件概率确定维修间隔。并以CRH380B(L)型动车组轮对空心车轴为例,对文中介绍的方法进行验证。结果表明:对于状态不会因维修活动改变的动车组部件,其维修间隔可根据部件的可靠性确定,基于故障数据的理论计算结果与动车组维修实际吻合度较高,可为动车组维修项目周期的优化提供参考。

This paper introduces the main methods of maintenance interval research in the current aviation and rail transit. Combining with the characteristics of EMU maintenance, taking the optimization of EMU application and maintenance interval as the target, and aiming at the existing problems of over maintenance and insufficient maintenance under the present repair system, this paper employs survival analysis and reliability theory to determine components’ reasonable maintenance interval based on fault data of EMU application and maintenance. The key steps cover the fitting of the Weibull distribution of the component reliability curve, using the maximum likelihood method to estimate the parameters of two-parameter Weibull distribution and determining the maintenance interval based on the fitted reliability function and the conditional probability formula. With reference to the reliability data of the wheelset hollow shaft in CRH380 B and CRH380 BL EMU, the method described in this paper is verified. The results show that the maintenance interval can be determined based on the reliability of the components of status not changed by maintenance activities and the results of theoretical calculation based on fault data are consistent with the actual EMU maintenance, which may provide references for the optimization of EMU maintenance interval.