从城市发现历史:深入开展20世纪新疆城市与区域发展研究

Discovering History from the City: Reflections on the Study of Xinjiang’s Urban and Regional Development in the 20th Century

新疆位于中国西北部,居于亚洲的中心地带,在历史上是多元文化的交汇地.20世纪以来,新疆城市作为区域的军事、政治、经济和文化中心,从封闭走向开放,从传统走向现代,其发展变迁涉及对外关系、边疆稳定、经济发展、民族团结、宗教信仰等众多重大问题.因此需要加强对20世纪新疆城市发展与变迁的研究,一是深入分析总结急剧变动的国际国内格局与新疆城市发展、区域一体化进程之间的互动关系,二是深刻认识和把握新疆城市及区域化进程的特殊性,从整体上进一步认识20世纪新疆城市与区域发展的历程,三是将研究视野延伸到新疆城市内部,从整体上探讨20世纪新疆城市的体系、规模、职能、空间分布、经济状况、社会结构、文化因子等多种微观层面的问题,从而达到对这一时期新疆城市全面、系统的研究.由于新疆不同区域的自然地理环境极为复杂,有着巨大的区域差异,因此既需要对新疆城市进行整体的长时段研究,也需要分区域对区域城市历史进行深入研究,并考察其区域城市发展的过程和特点。

Located in the northwestern China,Xinjiang is the heartland of Asia, and has been a multicultural intersection in history As regional military, political, economic and cultural centers,thecities in Xinjiang have developed from secluded traditional cities to open and modern cities since the 20th century. The development has involved many important issues such as foreign relations, border stability? economic development, national unity and religious beliefs. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the research on the development and changes of cities in Xinjiang in the 20th century. Firstly, we should analyze and summarize the interaction between the rapid-changing international and domestic patterns, and the urban development as well as regional integration process in Xinjiang. Secondly, we should have a profound understanding and grasp of the uniqueness of Xinjiang cities and their regionalization so as tounderst and the overall history of Xinjiang urban andregional development in the 20th century. Thirdly, we need to extend the research horizon to the interior of Xinjiang, and explore micro aspects including the system, scale, function, spatial distribution, economic conditions, social structure and cultural factors of Xinjiang cities in the 20th century as a whole, so as to conduct an overall and systematic research on Xinjiang cities in this period. Due to the extremely complex natural geographical environment in different regions of Xinjiang and the huge regional differences, it is necessary to conduct an overall long-term study of Xinjiang cities? as well as to conduct in-depth research on the history of regional cities in sub-regions and to examine the process and features of regional urban development.