刘师培赋学批评述略

A Review on Liu Shipei’s Ode Study

近代赋学批评在西方理论及传统批评理念的双重影响下,呈现出向现代转变的趋势,其中以刘师培的赋学批评为最.刘师培在植根于传统学术批评的同时,援引西学,构建了较为完备的赋学批评体系.其赋论打破了“诗源说”的户牗,将赋看作“风雅遗音”“史篇变体”,兼源“诗”“史”;其论赋的最大特色是高度重视小学在作赋中的作用;其评赋,确立了以楚辞为中心的评价体系,并将赋体纳入其文章学的系统,以佐证其骈体正宗之说.无论是在赋学体系的构建上,还是对赋体审美特质的关注上,刘师培赋学批评均呈现出向现代批评转换的趋势。

Under the dual influence of the Western theory and the traditional criticism,the ode criticism shows a trend towards modern change in modern China, and Liu Shipei’s ode criticism is one of the representatives. Liu Shipei established a complete system of criticism by inheriting the traditional criticism method and citing the Western theory. His theory of ode goes beyond the tradition that the ode is originated in The Book of Songs. The most distinctive characteristic of Liu Shipei’s theory is his emphasis of philology in ode composition. In addition, he used The Songs of Chu as the standard to evaluate ode, and make it one part of the theory of article. Overall, Liu Shipei’s ode criticism shows a trend towards the transformation of modern criticism,not only in the construction of the ode system but also in the focus of aesthetic characteristics of ode.