职业教育教学标准建设:实践、反思与重构

Construction of Teaching Standard in Vocational Education: Practice, Reflection and Reconstruction

职业教育教学标准是规范职业院校教学、提高人才培养质量、引领高职院校整体优质发展的根本保证,更是推动我国职业教育课程体系建设与教学改革,引导高职教育教学理论与实践发展的突破口。经过多年的摸索与建设,我国职业教育教学标准在国家层面上已基本建立,但教学标准在落地实施过程中却并未取得预期的效果,最大的痛点在于无法获得普遍的应用。研究认为,教学标准建设需要处理好教学标准的绝对性和相对性、静态性和动态性,以及规范性与灵活性之间的关系,在坚持“多主体”共同参与的基础上,遵循以“市场化需求为导向”、以“学习者为中心”及以“本土化”应用为原则的思路重构职业教育教学标准。

The teaching standard of vocational education is the basic guarantee for standardizing the teaching in vocational colleges, improving the quality of talents training, and leading the overall quality development of higher vocational colleges. It is also the breakthrough of promoting the curriculum system construction and teaching reform of vocational education in China, and guiding the development of teaching theory and practice of higher vocational education. After many years of exploration and construction, the teaching standards for vocational education in China have been basically established at the national level. However, the teaching standards have not achieved the expected results in the process of implementation and especially cannot be applied universally. The study believes that the construction of teaching standards requires us to deal with the absolute and relativity of teaching standards, static and dynamic, as well as the relationship between normative and flexibility. Based on adhering to“multi-subject”participa? tion, we must follow the "market-oriented demand","learners as the center", and the principle of "localization" application to recon? struct the teaching standards of vocational education.