2017年贵州省西部某三甲医院现患率调查分析

Investigation and analysis of the prevalence of healthcare associated infections in a tertiary hospital in the western part of Guizhou Province in 2017

目的了解贵州省西部地区医院感染现患率,分析医院感染存在的高危因素,为制定和完善医院感染管理防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,对2017年8月29日当天所有住院患者进行医院感染横断面调查和统计分析。结果应调查人数1084人,实调查人数1084人,实查率100.00%;医院感染人数28人,医院感染率2.58%。感染科室分布中,重症医学科感染率最高为23.08%,儿科系未发现感染病例;感染部位分布中,下呼吸道感染占31.25%,其次是泌尿道感染占21.88%,腹腔感染,生殖道感染和皮肤软组织感染均占9.38%;共检出28株病原体,主要以大肠埃希菌为主占37.50%;抗菌药物使用率为43.27%;主要以一联用药为主占比高达78.04%;使用抗菌药物病原学送检率为43.28%。结论重症医学科,下呼吸道感染,大肠埃希菌是我们重点要关注的。此外应继续加强抗菌药物临床送检,科学使用抗菌药物。

Objective Understand the prevalence of healthcare associated infections(HCAI) in the western part of Guizhou Province, analyze the high risk factors of HCAI, and to provide scientific evidence for the development and improvement of hospital infection management prevention and control measures. Methods A cross-sectional approach was used to investigate all hospitalized patients in the hospital on August 29, 2017. Results The number of respondents should be 1 084, the actual number of people surveyed was 1 084, the actual investigation rate was 100.00%;the number of hospital infections was 28, and the hospital infection rate was 2.58%. In the distribution of infection departments, the highest rate of infection in the Department of Critical Care Medicine was 23.08%, and no infection cases were found in the Department of Pediatrics;In the distribution of infection sites, lower respiratory tract infections accounted for 31.25%, followed by urinary tract infections accounted for 21.88%, abdominal infections, reproductive tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections accounted for 9.38%;A total of 28 pathogens were detected, mainly Escherichia coli accounted for 37.50%;The use rate of antibacterial drugs is 43.27%;the main proportion of drug use is as high as 78.04%;The rate of detection of the use of antibiotics for pathogens was 43.28%. Conclusion Intensive medicine, lower respiratory tract infection, and Escherichia coli are our main concerns. In addition, we should continue to strengthen the clinical examination of antibacterial drugs and scientific use of antibacterial drugs.