国家极化与当代欧美民主政治危机

National Polarization and Democratic Political Crisis in Contemporary Europe and America

国家极化现象是当代欧美民主发展的最新趋势,是理解当前欧美政治危机的症结所在。国家极化是经济极化和政治极化的深度扩张,是社会极化和文化极化的双重累加,呈现简单而线性的演进逻辑与复合而显著的现实特征。在经济获益失衡、多元文化主义受挫、公民价值观念扭转、政治传播转型以及政治版图洗牌与选民阵营重组等诸多因素的强势推动下,国家极化不断升级、愈演愈烈。国家极化内含强大的破坏力、解构力和重塑力,对欧美国内政治形势、国际关系格局和未来政治走向影响深远,尤以否决政体、极端政治、信任危机、“后真相政治”的出现以及全球秩序的重构最值得关注。国家极化现象为发展中国家带来了新的契机和挑战,为未来政治发展提供了新的可能。

The phenomenon of national polarization is the latest trend in the development of democratic politics, the crux of understanding the current political crisis in contemporary Europe and the United States. It is the double accumulation of economic polarization and political polarization. It is the deep expansion of economic polarization and political polarization, the double accumulation of social polarization and cultural polarization, showing simple and linear evolutionary logic and complex and remarkablerealistic characteristics. Under the strong impetus of many factors, such as the imbalance of economic benefits, the plight of multiculturalism, the reversal of civic values, the transformation of political communication and the reorganization of political territory and voters camp, the polarization of the country has been escalating and intensifying. National polarization contains powerful destructive force, deconstructive force and reshaping force, which has far-reaching influence on the domestic political situation, international relations pattern and future political trend of Europe and the United States. Among them, veto, extreme politics, crisis of trust, post-truth politics and restructuring of global order deserve the most attention. The phenomenon of national polarization brings new opportunities and challenges to developing countries and provides new possibilities for future political development.