东亚族群中Y染色体D-M174单倍群的遗传多态性

Genetic Polymorphism of Y Chromosome Haplogroup D-M174 in East Asian Populations

目的研究Y染色体D-M174单倍群及下游分支在东亚族群的遗传多态性。方法收集东亚1426份无关男性样本,用微测序技术检测7个Y染色体D-M174单倍群及下游分支的Y-SNP位点,用DNATyperY26试剂盒检测22个Y-STR基因座,通过直接计数法、热图、系统发育聚类和网络图聚类进行单倍群分析,探讨Y染色体D单倍群遗传多态性分布、群体及样本间聚类关系。结果D-M174单倍群高频分布于西藏藏族人和日本人,分别为40.96%和35.71%,在西藏周边地区及其他地区呈现低频分布或无分布。结论Y染色体D-M174单倍群在东亚族群中具有明显的族群地域分布特征。

Objective To explore the genetic polymorphism of Y chromosome D-M174 haplogroup and sub-haplogroups in East Asia. Methods The samples of 1 426 unrelated male individuals from East Asia were collected, and then 7 Y chromosome haplogroup D-M174 and the Y-SNP of its sub-haplogroups were detected with mini-sequencing. The 22 Y-STR genotypes were detected with DNA Typer Y26 kit. The haplogroup was analyzed using direct counting method, heatmap, phylogenetic cluster and network graph cluster, and then distribution of genetic polymorphism and the clustering relation between populations and samples of Y chromosome D haplogroup were discussed. Results Haplogroup D-M174 were distributed mostly among Tibetans (40.96%)and Japanese (35.71%), while less or none were distributed among the surrounding areas of Tibet and other areas. Conclusion The geographical distribution of Y chromosome D-M174 haplogroup in East Asian populations has significant characteristics.