滑坡模型试验及滑坡演化规律的分析

THE MODEL TEST OF LANDSLIDE AND ITS EVOLUTION LAW ANALYSIS

为更好地模拟和观察边坡在重力作用下的破坏过程,利用一个1m×1m×1m(高×宽×长)的透明边坡模型槽,通过掀开挡土板,触发模型边坡的滑动。采用高速摄像机采集滑坡的破坏过程,并对滑坡产生的滑坡台阶、滑动面、拉张裂隙的演化特征及其相互关系进行分析总结。结果表明:黏性土坡的滑动并不是一个纯剪切的过程,坡顶处的拉张破坏和坡体内的剪切破坏是同步进行的。边坡在失稳时常常并非沿一个滑动面整体滑动,滑坡体内部可能有多个滑动面,不同滑动面上覆不同的滑块,在滑坡过程中多级分块下滑。

In order to better simulate and observe the process of slope sliding triggered by gravity, a model box with the size of 1 m×1 m×1 m was designed. The failure of slope was triggered by removing the retaining plate and the failure progress was recorded with high-speed camera, and the characteristics of landslide benches, sliding surfaces, tensile cracks and their correlation were summarized. The results showed that the landslide of cohesive soil slope was not a completed shear failure, but a combination of tensile failure and shear failure. When the slope slided, it usually did not slide along a sliding surface as a whole. There might be several sliding surfaces inside the slope. Different sliding surfaces were covered with different sliding blocks.