显性比较优势视角下的中韩两国贸易竞争力研究

Research on Sino-South Korean Bilateral Trade Competitiveness:Based on the Theory of Revealed Comparative Advantage

自中韩两国建交以来,两国保持良好的经贸合作关系。具体表现为:两国在货物贸易领域的规模和增速都突飞猛进、进出口结构不断优化、贸易发展的联系紧密。基于显性比较优势理论和贸易结构分析方法,利用1992—2017年中韩货物贸易细化行业分类到SITC四分位数据,分析中韩两国贸易的国际竞争力和在对方市场的出口比较竞争优势,得到如下结论:经过20多年的发展,中韩两国在各自优势产业的出口比较优势在世界市场上均得到了一定的提升;与此同时,中韩两国之间的货物贸易往来也不断拓宽和深入,两国货物贸易的差异性较大、贸易互补性较强;从不同时间阶段来看,中国和韩国在出口产品的结构上都有所调整和优化,两国产品比较优势的变化随着本国产业结构的调整和国际分工地位的调整而变化,中韩两国在产品市场上的竞争日趋激烈;双方产业的互补和中国丰富的资源禀赋为中韩两国经贸关系的进一步发展提供了新的思路和方向。

Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea,the two countries have maintained sound economic and trade cooperation.Such as:The scale and growth rate of the trade in goods between the two countries have been advancing rapidly,the import and export structure have been constantly optimized,and the trade development has been closely linked.From the perspective of revealed comparative advantage,this paper subdivides industry into 4-digit data of SITC and further analyzes the bilateral trade between China and South Korea during 1992-2017.The conclusions here are as follows:After more than 20 years of economic development,China and South Korea have obvious comparative advantages in their competitive industries’export to the world market,and the advantages are more prominent.At the same time,the trade in goods between China and South Korea has also been broadened and deepened.The trade in goods between the two countries is quite different and trade complementarity is strong.During different time periods,China and South Korea have adjusted and optimized the structure of their export products.The comparative advantages of products between China and South Korea have changed with the adjustment of the domestic industrial structure within the two countries and the adjustment of international division of labor.The competition between China and South Korea within the product market has become increasingly fierce.The complementarity of industrial advantages and China's abundant resource endowments have provided new ideas and directions for the further development of Sino-South Korean economic and trade development.