韩国学术不端行为现象及原因分析——兼论其应对措施对我国的启示

The Phenomenon and Reasons of Academic Misconduct in ROK: Concurrently Study the Enlightenment to China

在“黄禹锡事件”后,为改善学术诚信环境,韩国政界、学界、媒体联手制定并实施了一系列学术不端治理措施。从作者的视角看,韩国的学术不端行为包括伪造、变造、剽窃、重复刊登、不当署名等形式;从评议人的视角看,则包括外行评议、裙带关系、评议过程不透明、结果不真实等问题。韩国学术不端行为的成因,包括利益驱动不可阻挡、评价机制不合理、监管制度不严谨等。对此,韩国主要采取了早期预防、中期严控监管、后期严厉惩治等措施。从韩国的经验来看,我国在学术不端治理方面,应加大对科研人员开展学术道德教育的力度,建立符合科研发展规律的科研制度,允许理性批评的学术环境和合理的评议制度。

In order to improve the environment of academic integrity after the Hwang Woo-suk Incident, the political circles, educational circles and media jointly formulated and implemented a series of measures to deal with academic misconduct. From the author s point of view, ROK s academic misconduct includes forgery, alteration, plagiarism, repeated publication, inappropriate signature and other forms;from the reviewer s point of view, it includes layman s comments, nepotism, untransparent review process, unreal results and other issues. There are three aspects of the causes of academic misconduct in ROK: unstoppable interest-driven, unreasonable evaluation mechanism and imprecise supervision system. ROK has mainly adopted measures of early prevention mechanism, medium-term strict supervision, and late severe punishment.Larning from ROK, China should strengthen the education of academic morality to the staff members, establish a scientific system that conforms to the law of scientific research development, foster an environment of national criticism and build a reasonable evaluation system.