鲁迅小说杨译本在美国的传播与接受

Dissemination and Reception of English Translation of Lu Xun’s Fictions by Yang Xianyi and Glady Yang

杨宪益夫妇的鲁迅小说英译是中国文学成为世界文学一部分值得总结的案例。杨译本首先是作为外宣翻译由国家翻译机构主导出版的,然后通过“外文版”衍生出国外版和香港版。外文社版译本和美国版译本在美国的传播和接受,在不同的历史时期具有不同的特征。外文社版译本经历了从遇冷到经典化、再到大众化的过程。研究发现,杨译的外文社版在美国更受汉学家或鲁迅研究者的关注,而杨译香港版和美国版更受美国普通读者的喜爱。这种差异的原因主要是外文社版以其悠久的出版和传播史在美国汉学界占有重要地位,而美国版和香港版以其封面设计和流通速度赢得了美国青年读者的青睐。

The English translation of Lu Xun’s fictions by Yang Xianyi and Glady Yang is considered as an example of Chinese literature becoming a part of the w orld literature. The Yangs’ translated versions were firstly as the foreign publicity translation dominated by the Chinese governmental translation institution and then derived into the American and Hong Kong translations published from the Foreign Language Press( FLP). The different translations have been differently characterized by the dissemination and the reception in the different ages. The FLP versions have gone through the change from unpopularity to canonization to popularization. The FLP translated texts are more influential to the American Sinologists and the researchers of Lu Xun while the translated fictions published by American and Hong Kong presses more to the liking to the American general readers. That is caused due to FLP versions occupying an important position to American Sinologist research circle in a long history of publishing and dissemination in American universities w hile the versions published in the United States and Hong Kong cater to the American young readers’ expectancy horizon due to the novel book-cover design and rapid dissemination.