以家庭为中心的护理措施在首发精神分裂症患者中的应用效果

Application effects of family-centered care in patients with first-episode schizophrenia

目的:观察以家庭为中心的护理措施在首发精神分裂症患者中的应用效果。方法:选择首发精神分裂症患者110例,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,每组55例。其中对照组行常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上应用以家庭为中心的护理模式。比较两组护理前及护理1年后简明精神病评定量表(BPRS)、生命质量综合评定问卷(GQOLI)评分,以及1年内疾病的复发率。结果:护理前,两组BPRS各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。护理1年后,研究组焦虑抑郁、思维障碍、缺乏活力、敌对猜疑、激活性评分低于护理前,且低于对照组;研究组社会功能、躯体功能、心理功能评分高于护理前,且高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组1年内疾病复发率为0.18%,低于对照组的14.55%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:以家庭为中心的护理措施应用在首发精神分裂症患者中,可使其获取到全面的疾病与心理健康支持,继而改善病情,提高生命质量,降低复发率。

Objective: To explore application effects of family-centered care in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 110 patients with first-episode schizophrenia were selected and divided into control group (n=55) and study group (n=55) by using the random number table method. The control group received routine care, while the study group applied the family-centered care on the basis of that of the control group. The scores of the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS) and the general quality of life inventory (GQOLI) before and 1 year after the treatment as well as the recurrence rate 1 year after the treatment were compared between the two groups. Results: Before the nursing, there were no significant differences in the item scores of BPRS between the two groups. 1 year after the nursing, the scores of anxiety, depression, thinking disorder, lack of vitality, hostile suspicion and activation of the study group were lower than those before the nursing and lower than those of the control group after the nursing;the scores of social function, physical function and psychological function were higher than those before the nursing and higher than those of the control group after treatment;and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The 1-year recurrence rate of the study group was 0.18%, which was lower than that of the control group (14.55%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions: Family-centered care used in the first-episode schizophrenia patients can achieve comprehensive disease and mental health support, improve the disease conditions and quality of life, and reduce the recurrence rate.