深圳地区急性呼吸道感染病毒病原谱分析

Viral etiology analysis of acute respiratory infection virus in Shenzhen area

目的分析深圳市第三人民医院门诊和住院呼吸道流感样感染病例病原谱特征,为呼吸道感染疾病的诊断、治疗和预防控制提供依据。方法收集2018年1月26日至2月11日深圳市第三人民医院门诊及住院的呼吸道流感样感染的447例患者的咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应对甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)、呼吸道合胞病毒、人鼻病毒和博卡病毒(HBoV)核酸进行检测,分析上述5种病毒感染率,以及在不同性别和不同年龄段感染病例的分布特点。结果447例患者中218例检出阳性,阳性患者检出率为48.77%(218/447)。5种呼吸道病毒中IFVB感染率最高,为32.66%;IFVA感染率次之,为13.87%;HBoV感染率最低,为0.22%;261例男性患者中阳性患者检出率为45.21%(118/261),186例女性患者中阳性患者检出率为53.76%(100/186),男女阳性患者检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。447例患者不同年龄段间各种病毒感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论IFVA和IFVB是深圳地区该时段呼吸道感染的主要病原体,各类人群普遍易感。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and virus spectrum of respiratory flu-like infection in Outpatient and Inpatient Departments in Shenzhen Third People′s Hospital,and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infections. Methods A total of 447 throat swab samples were collected from outpatient and inpatient patients with respiratory tract infection of influenza-like in Shenzhen Third People′s Hospital from January 26,2018 to February 11,2018.Nucleic acids of influenza A virus (IFVA),influenza B virus (IFVB),respiratory syncytial virus,human rhinovirus and human Bocavirus (HBoV) were detected by real-time fluorescence PCR technology.The positive rate of these 5 viruses and their distribution in different sex and age groups were analyzed. Results A total of 218 positive samples were detected in 447 throat swab samples,with a positive rate of 48.77 %(218/447).The positive rate of IFVB was the highest,which was 32.66%.The positive rate of IFVA was the second,which was 13.87%.The positive rate of HBoV was the lowest,which was 0.22%.Among the five viruses,the positive detection rate of male was 45.21%,the positive detection rate of female was 53.76%,but the difference in the positive detection rate of male and female was not statistically significant ( P >0.05).Among 447 patients,there was statistically significant difference in the rate of infection among different age groups. Conclusion IFVA and IFVB are the main pathogens of respiratory tract infection in Shenzhen area,and the virus is generally easy to be infected by all kinds of people.