环境治理国家化、环保主义者与美国环境外交的滥觞

Environmental Governance Nationalization, Environmentalists, and the Origin of Environmental Diplomacy in the United States

在现代美国环保运动发展的过程中,总统科学顾问委员会决策的科学化取向促成了白宫决策层环保认知的提升,国会立法赋予联邦政府环境治理权责的不断扩张,并从认知与建制两个层面推动了环境治理国家化趋势的形成。在这一趋势下,尼克松政府中的环保主义者首倡性地将环境议题纳入对北约的外交政策议程中,成为20世纪70年代美国环境外交滥觞的重要推力。

The scientific orientation of the decision-making of the President’s Scientific Advisory Board, as well as the continuous expansion of the federal government’s environmental governance authority by the Congressional legislation, promoted the formation of the nationalization trend of environmental governance from the perspective of cognition and legislation. Environmentalists in the Nixon government have aggressively promoted environmental issues into the policy agenda to NATO. This process shows that endogenous factors are one of the important thrusts of modern American environmental diplomacy.