司马迁理想谋臣形象研究——以范蠡形象为例

Study on the image of Sima Qian’s ideal strategist——Taking Fan Li’s image as an example

《史记》刻画了许多形形色色、个性不同的谋臣形象,其中范蠡是司马迁所欣赏、认同的谋臣之一。范蠡身上体现了理想谋臣应有的尊礼尚德、坚守使命、学道谦让、盈而不溢和独善其身的高贵品格。司马迁在塑造人物形象时所运用的对比、正侧相映和生动传奇的细节刻画手法,增加了人物的立体感和形象性。同时,范蠡形象亦渗透了司马迁自身的人生理想,体现在立功、立德、立言和勇者不必死节的人生观上。

The Historical Records depicts many different kinds of strategists with different personalities, and among these people Fan Li is one of the strategists whom Sima Qian appreciates and recognizes. Fan Li embodies the noble characters of the ideal strategist, such as observing etiquette and respecting morality, adhering to the mission, being modest, etc. When Sima Qian shaped the cha racter image, contrast, combination of positive description and side description and vivid detail depiction were used to increase the three-dimensional sense and image of the figure. At the same time, the image of Fan Li also infiltrated Sima Qian’s own life ideal, which is reflected in the view of life.