中国大数据产业经营能力评价——基于产业链层级差异的视角

Evaluation of the operating ability of China’s big data industry——From the perspective of level differences of industry chain

作为判断企业运营情况的重要指标,经营能力评价对于研究企业及行业发展现状有着至关重要的意义。选取我国43家以大数据为生产资料,为需求者提供大数据抓取、处理、分析、挖掘服务的大数据企业2017年的财务数据作为研究对象,根据这43家企业的产品技术侧重点和大数据产业链流程将它们划分为4个产业链层级,再运用因子分析法对其进行6个方面的经营能力评价。研究结论表示:在大数据企业经营能力评价中现金流能力影响力最大,盈利能力、偿债能力、营运能力、发展能力、技术支持能力的影响力依次排在其后;4个产业链层级中,数据组织与管理、应用与服务层的企业普遍存在资本市场效率和技术效率不高的情况,数据分析与发现层的企业盈利能力较好,全产业链的企业则各方面发展比较均衡,最后根据结论提出一些政策建议。

The evaluation of operating ability, as an important indicator for judging the operation of enterprise, is of great significance to the development of enterprise and industry. The article makes a case study of the financial data of 43 big data enterprises in 2017, which take the big data as the means of production and provide the capturing, processing, analyzing and mining services of big data for the demanders. It divides the 43 enterprises into 4 industry chain levels according to the focus of product technology and the process of big data industry chain, and evaluates the enterprises’operating ability from 6 aspects on the basis of factor analysis. The conclusions show that the cash flow ability has the greatest impact on the evaluation of big data enterprise’s operating ability, followed by the profitability, solvency, operational capability, development capability and technical support capability, and concerning the four levels of industry chain, the enterprises at the levels of organization and management, and application and service of data generally have low capital market efficiency and technical efficiency while the enterprises at the level of data analysis and discovery have good profitability, and the enterprises at the level of the whole industry chain are usually balanced in all aspects. Finally, some policy recommendations are proposed according to the conclusions.