宋代上海建镇说质疑

A Query about Shanghai’s Township in Song

本文对宋代上海何时建镇或是否建镇这一问题,从三个方面进行了探讨:首先指出熙宁七年说、宋末说的史料依据不足。其次对宋元文献、明清方志的记载进行了梳理,认为《范溪旧序》流传过程不明;元人将上海镇与建县结合在一起叙述,是将上海镇作为上海升县的一个背景;明清方志将建镇与设市舶这两件事结合在一起、将建镇系于某一年,可能是一种技术处理的结果。第三参照韩城村、白牛市建镇之例,认为宋末元初上海设有上海务、提举市舶等机构,又为县内商业发达之地,存在着被称为上海镇的可能性。

The present paper proposes three points regarding Shanghai's township. First, the assertions that Shanghai acquired the township in the seventh year of Xi'ning reign or in the late Song were not textually well - grounded. Second, people in Yuan did not make a clear distinction between Shanghai's township and Shanghai's elevation to county;and the Ming people's blend of Shanghai's township and Shanghai as a trade port was not factual but technical. Third , in light of the cases of Hancheng and Bainiu, Shanghai could acquire the township due to its booming commerce.