1950年上海大轰炸前后的国共纷争与大国外交

The Disputes between the KMT and the CPC with the Diplomacy of Great Powers around the Great Bombing in Shanghai in 1950

1950年前后,败退台湾的国民党政权对中国大陆实施一系列轰炸,其中以上海"二六轰炸"规模最大、破坏最烈。台湾方面于2月6日发动这次有针对性的轰炸,有其不可告人的叵测居心和内在深层的政治动机。苏联和美国对此事件有着截然不同的反应,"二六轰炸"的发生促使中苏在军事、经济和外交等领域的合作日益密切,使本已陷入僵局的中美关系更趋恶化。它实际上是国共、美苏三国四方之间的一场博弈,是中华人民共和国成立初期对外关系上一个重要的政治节点。中国对美国的"挤走"方针和对苏联的一边倒政策、美国对中苏的"楔子"战略、苏联的联华抗美计划以及欧洲国家的坐壁观望,都在这一短时期内集中呈现,显示出中国政权更替对世界格局的特殊效应。

Around 1950,the KMT carried out a series of bombing on the newly-born China,the most destructive one was in Shanghai. The Taiwan side launched the bombing on February 6,with its ulterior motives and internal political factors. Shanghai’s industrial stagnation and financial crisis were very serious. With the support of the Soviet Union,the CPC adopted the effective measures to overcome the multiple difficulties and began the construct of socialism. The Soviet Union and the United States had a distinct reaction to Shanghai Bombing,which promoted the Sino-Soviet cooperation and worsened the already deadlocked Sino-US relations. In fact,it’s a wonderful game between the two Parties and three Countries,and it’s an important political node in foreign relations of early PRC. China ’s policy of "crowding out"the United States and towards the Soviet Union,the "cuneiform"strategy of the United States towards Sino-Soviet,the Soviet Union’s united China anti-American plan,and the sitting and watching of European countries had all been concentrated in this short period. It showed the special effect of China’s regime change on world pattern.