从“个体侠义”到“群体侠气”——鲁迅笔下之“夏瑜”探民族尚武精神的复兴

From “Individual Chivalry” to “Group Chivalry”:Exploring the Revival of the National Martial Arts Spirit from Character Analysis of XiaYu in Lu Xun’s Works

运用文献和逻辑分析等研究方法,以文化学、历史学的视角分析鲁迅著名小说?药?的主人公“夏瑜英勇就义”所显示出深刻的思想性艺术力量———“民族尚武精神”,并将这种思想艺术力量的“民族尚武精神”作为研究对象。夏瑜的“英勇就义”在当时特定的历史条件下是一种“个体侠义”,但这种“个体侠义”是后期中华民族尚武精神崛起的“燎原之火”,“个体侠义”到“群体侠气”的意识建构是众多“夏瑜”式仁人志士通过不懈的努力及“全民尚武”思想的主张,逐渐形成了在特定年代整个社会对武侠、尚武、爱国的意识建构和价值认同,从“侠之大者”到为国为民的“民族尚武精神”的价值实现,促使中华民族的精神崛起和革命胜利。

By using the methods of literature and logical analysis,this paper analyses the profound ideological and artistic force “national martial spirit” shown by the hero of Lu Xun’s famous novel Medicine.It shows Xia Yu’s heroic justice from the perspective of culture and history,and takes the “national martial spirit” of this ideological and artistic force as the research object.The study holds that Xia Yu’s “heroic justice” is a kind of “individual chivalry” under the specific historical conditions at that time, but this kind of “ individual chivalry” is the “spark of prairie fire” of the rise of the Chinese nation’s martial spirit in the later period,the consciousness construction from “individual chivalry” to “group chivalry” is the result of the unremitting efforts of many Xia Yus and the presentation of the idea of “the whole nation’ advocating martial arts”.Which forms the consciousness construction and value identification towards chivalry,martial arts and patriotism in the whole society in a specific era.Finally,the realization from “the great chivalrous man” to “the national martial arts spirit” which is for the country and the people promoted the rise of patriotism and revolutionary victory of the Chinese nation.