孕期保健在高龄产妇中的应用效果及对产妇和新生儿并发症的影响

Effect of pregnant health care in elderly parturients and its influence on maternal and neonatal complications

目的探讨孕期保健在高龄产妇中的应用效果及对产妇和新生儿并发症的影响。方法选择2016年1月至2018年12月我院收治的200例高龄产妇,按照随机数字表法将其分为试验组和常规组,各100例。试验组接受孕期保健,常规组接受常规孕期管理。比较两组产妇并发症发生率、新生儿并发症发生率、产妇负性情绪评分及妊娠结局。结果试验组妊娠期高血压、妊娠期糖尿病、子痫前期、产后出血、胎膜早破、围产期感染的发生率均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。试验组巨大儿、新生儿低血糖、高胆红素血症、新生儿窒息、红细胞增大症的发生率均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。妊娠30周、预产前1周、分娩后24h,试验组产妇SDS及SAS评分均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。试验组自然分娩率显著高于常规组,剖宫产率、难产率、死胎率均显著低于常规组(P<0.05)。结论在高龄产妇妊娠期和分娩期,孕期保健发挥着重要作用,其能够明显减少高龄产妇及新生儿并发症,改善妊娠结局,缓解产妇负性情绪,具有较高推广价值。

Objective To explore the effect of pregnant health care in elderly parturients and its influence on maternal and neonatal complications. Methods From January 2016 to December 2018, 200 elderly parturients admitted in our hospital were selected and divided into experimental group and conventional group according to random number table method, with 100 cases in each group. The experimental group received pregnant health care, and the conventional group received routine management during pregnancy. The incidences of maternal and neonatal complications, scores of maternal negative emotion and pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results The incidences of pregnancy hypertension, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, premature rupture of membranes and perinatal infection in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The incidences of macrosomia, neonatal hypoglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal asphyxia and erythrocytosis in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The scores of SDS and SAS in the experimental group at 30 weeks of gestation, 1 week before delivery and 24 hours after delivery were significantly lower than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The natural delivery rate in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the conventional group, and the rates of cesarean section, dystocia and stillbirth were significantly lower than those in the conventional group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Pregnant health care plays an important role in the pregnancy and childbirth of elderly parturients. It can significantly reduce complications of parturients and neonatus, improve pregnancy outcomes and alleviate negative emotions of parturients, which has a high popularization value.