论《永乐大典戏文三种校注》的戏曲文献学意义

On the Bibliographical Significance of Three Collated and Annotated Collections of Plays from The Yongle Canon to the Study of Chinese Xiqu

钱南扬《永乐大典戏文三种校注》是第一部南戏校注类著作,具有开创性和范式意义。其成就表现在:一、在曲文的标点上,创造了一种既参照后世曲谱,又依据曲韵、文意区分句逗的标点方式。二、在曲文疑难字、词的处理上,采取果断而又谨慎的态度。误处必改,疑处必辨,但凡改动均指明原因,体现科学严谨的学风。三、在曲文的注释上,力求探求语词的本源及其在剧本中的含义,同时兼顾其引申含义,做到考源察流。四、《永乐大典戏文三种校注》虽存在少数瑕疵,但明显优于后继的同类成果,代表了南戏校注的最高水准。

Qian Nanyang’ s Three Collated and Annotated Collections of Plays from The Yongle Canon is the first collated and annotated collection of Nanxi operas. It is a pioneering and paradigmatic work. Its achievements are as follows. First, the punctuation of the texts shows a creative method which not only refers to the music scores of later generations, but also punctuates according to the rhyming and the contextual meanings. Second, in the processing of difficult words and phrases, this edition shows a resolute and cautious attitude. Every mistake is corrected and every doubt is cleared up, with a statement of reasons for every change to reflect the scrupulous academic considerations. Third, in the annotation of the texts, this edition tries to find the etymologies and the contextual meanings of the words, and take into consideration the extended meanings to explore both the origins and the developments of the words. Fourth, though there are a few flaws, Three Collated and Annotated Collections of Plays from The Yongle Canon is obviously superior to the following works of its kind, and it demonstrates the highest level of the collation and annotation of Nanxi scripts.