新疆哈萨克族和维吾尔族早发型子痫前期孕妇发病特点及其高危因素

Explore the clinical features and the risk factors of pregnant women in early-onset preeclampsia between Kazak and Uigur

目的通过对哈萨克族和维吾尔族早发型子痫前期孕妇发病特点及高危因素的分析,以指导围产期保健。方法回顾性分析2014年1月至2018年12月伊犁州友谊医院收治的早发型子痫前期(early-onset preeclampsia,E-PE)患者260例,其中哈萨克族130例,维吾尔族130例;对比二者的治疗情况、并发症及高危因素。统计学分析使用SPSS20.0,计量资料采用均数加减标准差,计数资料采用卡方检验。结果哈萨克族E-PE孕妇在住院血压上高于维吾尔族,在发病孕周,终止孕周上早于维吾尔族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。哈萨克族E-PE孕妇的胎盘早剥,心衰及子痫的发病率高于维吾尔族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。维吾尔族肾损害高于哈萨克族,差异有统计学意义。哈萨克族E-PE孕妇的食盐过多及高血压发病率高于维吾尔族,维吾尔族E-PE孕妇糖尿病及体重指数(Bodymassindex,BMI)过大高于哈萨克族,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论哈萨克族E-PE孕妇发病早,病情重,根据两组孕妇的高危因素,有针对性地开展围产保健,是减少该病发生的有效措施。

Objective:By comparing and analyzing the early-onset preeclampsia clinical materials between Kazak and Uigur,to direct perinatal health care. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 260 pregnant women with earlyonset preeclampsia.Who were admitted in the Department of Obstetrics of the Yili state Youyi Hospital from January 2014 to december 2018. Early-onset preeclampsia were divided into two groups,who were Kazak(130 case)and Uigur(130 case).Then the clinical datas and risk factors in the two groups were compared comprehensively.Enumeration datas were analyzed t test and measurement data were analyzed by Chi-square test. Results:There was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). they were higher in Kazak than Uigur in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure,and they were earlier in Kazak than Uigur in onset and terminated pregnant week. The incidence of placental abruption,heart failure,and preeclimpsia was higher in Kazak than Uigur.There was statistically significant difference(P<0.05). The incidence of kidney damage was higher in Uigur than Kazak.taking in more salt and the incidence of history of hypertension was higher in Kazak than Uigur.The incidence of gestational diabetes and high body mass index(BMI)were higher in Uigur than Kazak. Conclusion:Early-onset preeclampsia onset in Kazak is earlier,more seriously than Uigur.According to risk factors in two groups,to carry out perinatal health care pointedly,it is effective measure to decrease this disease.