温度对加州新小绥螨捕食东方真叶螨功能反应的影响

Effects of Temperature on Predatory Functional Responses of Neoseiuius californicus to Eutetranychus orientalis

为明确加州新小绥螨对橡胶重要害螨东方真叶螨的控害潜能,系统研究了21、24、27、30、33、36℃六个不同温度条件下加州新小绥螨对东方真叶螨各螨态的捕食作用。结果表明:不同温度条件下加州新小绥螨对东方真叶螨各螨态的功能反应均能很好的拟合Holling-Ⅱ型圆盘方程。在21~36℃条件下,加州新小绥螨对东方真叶螨成螨和卵的日均捕食量与捕食效能(a/Th)均在33℃时最强,但对若螨和幼螨的日均捕食量与捕食效能在30℃最强。在27℃条件下加州新小绥螨对东方真叶螨若螨、幼螨和卵的选择系数分别为0.62、1.40和1.01。在相同的猎物密度条件下,加州新小绥螨的平均捕食量随其自身密度的增加而逐渐降低,说明加州新小绥螨存在种内竞争和自我干扰作用,捕食作用率与其自身密度关系为E=0.1631P^-0.395。

To explore the control potential of Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor)on Eutetranychus orientalis(Klein),an important harmful mite occurring in rubber,the predation N.californicus upon different stages of E.orientalis was investigated at six temperatures,i.e.,21,24,27,30,33 and 36℃.The functional responses of N.californicus to E.orientalis at all the temperatures fitted well with the Holling-II equation.At 21-36℃,the daily average predation and predation capability(a/Th)of N.californicus towards E.orientalis adults and eggs peaked at 33℃,while peaked at 30℃when the preys were E.orientalis nymphs and larvae.The selective coefficient of N.californicus for E.orientalis nymphs,larvae and eggs at 27℃were 0.62,1.40 and 1.01,respectively.At a certain prey density,the average predation of N.californicus decreased gradually with the increase in its density,indicating an obvious competition and self-interference in N.californicus.The relationship between predation and predator density was established as the equation E=0.1631 P-0.395.