海洋平台焊接技术及发展趋势

Welding technology and development trend of offshore platform

焊接技术是海洋平台建造的关键工艺。随着深海油气资源的勘探开发,海洋平台用钢向着高强度、大厚度、良好的低温韧性等方向发展,国内海洋平台焊接技术存在自动化水平低、焊接效率低、焊接质量波动大等问题,严重制约着国内海洋工程装备制造的发展。大厚度高强钢的高效焊接技术、高强钢焊接热影响区的脆化和软化、焊接结构的应力与变形控制是现阶段海洋平台焊接亟待解决的问题。窄间隙焊接、激光电弧复合焊、K-TIG、热丝TIG是新型的高效高质量焊接工艺,适用于海洋平台用钢的焊接,可进一步深入研究并在海洋平台建造领域推广应用。

Welding technology is one of the key process in offshore platform construction. With the exploration and development of deep-sea oil and gas resources,the offshore platform steel is developing towards high strength,large thickness and good low temperature toughness. The welding technology of offshore platform in China has problems such as low mechanization level,low welding efficiency and large welding quality fluctuation,which seriously restrict the development of marine engineering equipment manufacturing in China. The high efficiency welding technology of high-strength steel with large thickness,the embrittlement and softening of the heat affected zone in high strength steel welded joint and the stress and deformation control of welding structure are the urgent problems to be solved in the welding of offshore platform at present. Narrow gap welding,laser-arc hybrid welding,K-TIG and hot wire TIG are high efficiency and high quality welding processes,which are applicable to the welding of offshore platform steel and can be further studied and applied in the offshore platform construction.