早产无创性检测生物标志物研究进展及其应用前景

Noninvasive biomarkers of premature delivery: research progress and application prospect

早产是最常见的产科并发症之一。近几十年来,全世界范围内早产的发生率居高不下,且呈不断上升的趋势。阐明人类分娩发动的机制并对早产进行有效防治是保障母婴健康、提升人口素质的迫切需求。受到伦理学和检测手段的限制,早产的预测和早期诊断一直是困扰医务工作者的首要难题。近年来,关于无创性检测生物标志物的研究方兴未艾,羊水、宫颈阴道液、尿液、唾液和血液都提供了丰富的生物标志物,从中寻找能够预测早产的生物标志物成为研究热点。本文旨在讨论早产预测中无创性检测标志物的研究进展,展望该领域未来的发展和应用前景。

Preterm birth is one of the most common obstetric complications.In recent decades,the incidence of premature birth remains high throughout the world,and even shows a rising trend in some countries and areas.Therefore,understanding the mechanisms of human parturition and developing the effective prevention and treatment strategies of premature delivery are urgent to improve maternal and fetal health and overall quality of population.Due to the limitation of ethics and testing methods,the prediction and early diagnosis of premature birth have been the primary problem that perplexes obstetricians.Various body fluids,including amniotic fluid,cervicovaginal fluid,urine,saliva and blood,provide rich sources of putative biomarkers that may be causative or reflective of preterm labor.In recent years,the exploration of novel biomarkers for noninvasive detection is in the ascendant,which sheds new lights for the prediction and early diagnosis of preterm labor.This review compares the biomarkers for the detection of preterm birth,and discusses the future prospect.