番茄的配合力和杂种优势群的划分

Combining ability and division of heterotic group in tomato

本研究筛选出14个番茄亲本,采用Griffing完全双列杂交设计组配105个杂交组合,对13个性状进行统计,分析配合力及杂种优势,划分优势群确定杂种优势。结果表明,F1的杂种优势在大部分的性状中均存在,F1除果实硬度和纵径外的11个性状值均显著大于亲本。亲本11和亲本8的单株产量、单果质量等性状的一般配合力最大,亲本1×亲本11、亲本4×亲本11和亲本1×亲本4的产量性状均具有较高的一般配合力和特殊配合力。配合力与杂种优势相关性分析结果表明,大部分性状杂种优势与特殊配合力显著相关,单株产量的一般配合力与杂种优势显著相关。一般配合力聚类分析和F1的性状表现聚类分析2种方法划分优势类群,结果证明一般配合力聚类分析方法是有效的,它将14个亲本划分为5个优势群,并确定了优势群1(HG1)×优势群2(HG2),优势群1(HG1)×优势群5(HG5)和优势群2(HG2)×优势群5(HG5)这3个杂优模式。本研究揭示了一般配合力分析法可以作为番茄杂交育种优势群划分的一种重要方法,并为番茄杂交育种中亲本的选择提供指导。

In this study,14 representative parents of tomato were screened out and 105 cross combinations were designed by Griffing complete diallel cross method.Based on 13 traits,the heterosis,general combining ability(GCA)and special combining ability(SCA)were estimated,and heterotic groups and heterotic patterns were identified.The results indicated that heterosis of F 1 existed in most traits,and the average values of 11 traits except for hardness and longitudinal diameter of F 1 were significantly higher than those of parents.The GCA of traits such as yield per plant and individual fruit weight of parent 11 and parent 8 was highest.The yield traits of parent 1×parent 11,parent 4×parent 11 and parent 1×parent 4 showed the higher GCA and SCA.The results of correlation analysis showed that the heterosis of most traits was significantly correlated with the SCA,and the GCA of yield per plant was significantly correlated with the heterosis.Two methods of GCA cluster analysis and F 1 performance cluster analysis were used to classify heterotic groups.Five heterotic groups and three heterotic patterns were identified based on GCA cluster analysis method.In conclusion,GCA cluster analysis method can be used as an important way for the division of heterotic groups and provide guidance for the selection of parents in tomato cross breeding.