硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草2E和4E附加系及E染色体传递

Durum-Thinopyrum elongatum 2E and 4E Addition Lines and E Chromosome Transmission

为探讨长穗偃麦草E染色体在硬粒小麦背景中的传递特点,利用染色体特异分子标记、基因组原位杂交(GISH)、非变性荧光原位杂交(ND-FISH)等方法,对小偃麦8801(AABBEE)与硬粒小麦(AABB)杂交后代中选育的株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4进行了分析。结果表明:(1)分子标记检测株系Du_No.2及Du_No.4分别能扩增出长穗偃麦草2E、4E染色体特异条带。(2)GISH和ND-FISH分析显示,株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4分别附加了1条2E和4E染色体,表明株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4分别为硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草2E和4E单体附加系。(3)2个株系的减数分裂过程观察发现,后期Ⅰ、Ⅱ和末期Ⅱ都有E染色体分离异常现象,且株系Du_No.2和Du_No.4的异常率分别为22.24%和36.18%。(4)2个株系分别与硬粒小麦进行正反杂交的后代PCR分析表明,2E和4E染色体经雄配子的传递率分别为4.41%和2.17%,而通过雌配子的传递率都为零,表明2E和4E染色体在硬粒小麦背景中能通过雄配子传递,但不通过雌配子的传递。该研究为创建全套硬粒小麦-长穗偃麦草双体附加系及代换系提供基础。

To explore the transmission characters of chromosomes from Thinopyrum elongatum in the background of durum, The lines Du_No.2 and Du_No.4 derived from a cross between Tritileytrigia 8801(AABBEE) and T. turgidum L. ssp. durum(AABB) were characterized by chromosome-specific molecular markers, genomic in situ hybridization(GISH), and non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization(ND-FISH). The results showed that:(1) the molecular markers could amplify the specific bands of 2 E and 4 E chromosomes of Th. elongatum from line Du_No.2 and Du_No.4, respectively.(2) The analysis of GISH and ND-FISH showed that the lines Du_No.2 and Du_No.4 were respectively added with a 2 E and 4 E chromosome, indicating that the line Du_No.2 and Du_No.4 were durum-Th. elongatum 2 E and 4 E monosomic addition lines, respectively.(3) The meiosis process of two lines showed that both lines have E chromosome segregation abnormalities in anaphase Ⅰ, Ⅱ and telophase Ⅱ, and the abnormal rates of lines Du_No.2 and Du_No.4 were 22.24% and 36.18%, respectively.(4) PCR analysis of the progeny of the two lines with the durum showed that the transmission rates of 2 E and 4 E chromosomes through male gametes were 4.41% and 2.17%, respectively, while the transmission rates through female gametes were zero, indicating that 2 E and 4 E chromosomes could be transmitted by male gametes in the background of durum, but not through female gametes. This study provided a basis for the establishment of a complete set of durum-Th. elongatum disomic addition lines and substitution lines.