间歇定点精量水稻侧深施肥方法及装置的设计研究

Research of Intermittent Fixed Point and Precision Rice Side Deep Fertilizing Method and Device Design

针对我国现有水稻施肥方法及施肥装置,提出一种间歇式定点精量的施肥农艺方法,并进行了理论可行性分析。依据水稻侧深施肥新方法的施肥要求,设计了一种间歇式定点施肥装置。该装置与市场保有量大的延吉925B型插秧机配套使用,采用凸轮机构驱动排肥部件实现往复运动、依据凸轮轴上的检测信号,经信号控制装置控制伺服电动机带动螺旋搅龙排肥的工作原理,间歇定点精量完成侧深施肥,设计驱动凸轮转速与插秧机的插秧速度等速匹配的精准定位施肥的控制方法。通过机构零部件的设计,机构的三维运动仿真分析检验了驱动凸轮的轮廓合理性,最后利用台架试验对排肥部件参数进行了优化设计。

Based on existing rice fertilizing method and fertilizer apparatus in China,an agronomic method called“intermittent fixed point precise fertilization”was proposed and theoretical feasibility analysis was carried out in this study.According to the requirement of the application to side deep rice fertilizing,an intermittent fixed-point fertilizer apparatus was designed which could match YanJi 925B type transplanter.The device was powered by a CAM mechanism to drive the fertilizing components for reciprocating motion. Signals collected from camshaft were transferred to signal controlling components to control the helix by a servo motor with the principle of the helix mixing dragon distribution;thus side deep fertilization was completed with precise intermittent fixed point.The design of the controlling mechanism also included matching the rotate speed of the driving camshaft with the planting speed of the transplanter.Based on the specific design of individual mechanical parts and components,a 3D motion simulation analysis was carried out to verify the rationality of the camshaft. Further improvement was made,through the use of bench test,on the parameters of fertilization distributing components.