无为而为:伊丽莎白一世王位继承问题探析

Action through Inaction——An Analysis of the Issue of Elizabeth I’s Succession to the Throne

王位继承问题自中世纪起在很长一段时间内都是英国国家事务的重中之重。在都铎王朝末期的王位继承问题上,除了有血统原则的客观因素在起作用外,伊丽莎白一世还综合考虑了自己是否适合生养直系王位继承人、不允许天主教徒玛丽·斯图亚特继承王位、与生母有矛盾的表亲以及英格兰与苏格兰两国的关系这四个因素,在此基础上伊丽莎白一世做出的主动性选择,是该时期王位继承问题的关键所在。

The issue of succession to the throne has been the top priority of national affairs of Britain for a long time since the Middle Ages.On the issue of succession to the throne in the late Tudor dynasty,in addition to the objective factors of the lineage principle,Elizabeth I also considered comprehensively the following aspects,e.g.,whether she could give birth to an immediate heir to the throne,forbidding Catholic Mary Stuart from succeeding to the throne,her cousins in contradiction with her biological mother and the relationship between England and Scotland as well.On this basis,the initiative choice made by Elizabeth I was the key to the succession to the throne in that period.