以月印心,良知可鉴:从王阳明咏月诗看其良知之学

Metaphor of Conscience:A Study of Wang Yangming’s Conscience From Moonlight Poems

王阳明是明代心学大儒,具有“三不朽”的盖世功业。他创立的“心学”理论以“良知”说为核心,强调“致良知”之功与“知行合一”之道,对中国哲学思想史影响至深。其“良知”说直追先儒却又左右逢源,融通释道而内蕴浑然自成一体。其文集中虽有众多的说理性诗文,但其中咏月诗将理趣与诗艺巧妙地融为一体,更能相对直观地揭示其“心学”精髓。从“心学”大义出发,探索王阳明咏月诗的发展演变与心学特征,以更深入地感知圣贤心学重构“良知”的盛心,以期对今人的主体自觉与人格构建有所启发。

Wang Yangming was a great scholar of “the philosophy of the mind”in Ming Dynasty. He had the great merit of“three immortals”. He established the theory of“mind”with the“conscience”as the core, emphasizing the principle of“the combination of knowledge and practice”and “achieving conscience”, which had a profound influence on the history of Chinese philosophy. His “conscience”theory was to follow the doctrine of the ancients, but it had its own words from Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Although there were many rational poems in his anthology, they were not as good as those moonlight poems, which skillfully revealed the essence of his philosophy of“the mind”intuitively. Starting from the connotation of“the mind”, this paper explores the specific connotation of his“conscience”through the interpretation of Wang Yangming’s poems about moonlight poems in the early and late periods, in order to better understand and inherit this thought, and then enlightens the subject consciousness and personality construction of the present people.