ICD-11与DSM-5关于智力发育障碍诊断标准的异同

Similarities and differences between the diagnostic criteria of ICD-11 and DSM-5 for disorders of intellectual development

我国即将把医疗诊断系统升级为ICD-11,为了增进全国精神医学工作者对ICD-11诊断系统的熟悉度,特别是对于智力发育障碍在ICD-11和DSM-5中的主要鉴别点,特别撰写本文。DSM-5已于2013年出版发行,与 ICD-11 之间约有90%的同质性。目前国内对ICD-11与DSM-5异同的讨论文献较少,初次接触这两个诊断系统的医务工作者,容易对这两个诊断系统产生混淆。本文在国内首次将ICD-11、DSM-5这两套诊断系统中关于智力发育障碍诊断标准的异同进行对比分析,以期为医务工作者对两套诊断系统迅速掌握提供帮助。智力发育障碍是指在发育阶段发生的障碍,包括智力和适应功能两方面的缺陷。ICD-11中的诊断分别为轻度、中度、重度、极重度、暂时的、未特指的,本文将逐一进行介绍。

China is about to launch a comprehensive upgrade to its medical diagnostic system, known as ICD-11. However, many medical workers are not familiar with the ICD-11 diagnostic guidelines. The DSM-5 was published in 2013 and is 90% homogenous with ICD-11.At present, there is a dearth of domestic literature discussing the similarities and differences between ICD-11 and DSM-5. Medical workers who first get to these two diagnostic systems are likely being confused about them.In this article, for the first time in China, the similarities and differences in the diagnostic criteria of disorder of intellectual development in the two diagnostic systems were compared and analyzed, so as to provide help for medical workers to quickly master the two diagnostic systems. Disorder of intellectual development is a disorder occurring at the stage of development, including the deficiency of intelligence and adaptive function.The diagnosis and coding in ICD-11 are mild, moderate, severe, profound, provisional and unspecified, respectively, which are introduced in this article in sequential order.