外泌体在胚胎植入中的研究进展

Advances in exosomes in embryo implantation

成功的受孕需要优质的胚胎与容受性良好的子宫内膜共同作用,胚胎能否成功够植入子宫内膜决定了妊娠结局,因此母胎间的“交流”一直是生殖医学领域的重要研究方向之一。外泌体是由细胞分泌到细胞外基质的纳米级囊泡,通过胞吞、吞噬作用,或与细胞表面受体直接作用,以及与靶细胞的膜融合来传递其内容物从而发挥生物学作用,是细胞与细胞之间沟通的桥梁。在围植入期,外泌体作为独特的生物分子转运载体参与母体子宫与胚胎间的信息交流,协调子宫内膜与胚胎的同步发育。文章主要就外泌体在胚胎植入过程中的机制研究进行综述。

Successful conception requires a combination of high-quality embryo and good tolerance of endometrium. The successful implantation determines the outcome of the pregnancy. Embryonic-maternal cross-talk has always been one of the important directions in reproductive medicine. Exosomes(EXOs)are nanovesicles that are arisen by cells and secreted into the extracellular matrix,which exert their biological effects through endocytosis,phagocytosis,direct interaction with cell surface receptors,or membrane fusion with target cells to deliver their contents. Exosomes are considered to be the medium of communication between cells and cells.During the peri-implantation period,exosomes act as a biomolecular transporter,which participate in the information exchange between uterus and embryos,and coordinate the simultaneous development of the endometrium and the embryo. This paper reviews the mechanism of exosomes in embryo implantation.